The first step in any breast cancer treatment is usually surgery. The type of surgery will vary depending on the type and extent of the breast cancer, and can range from the removal of a single lump to the removal of the entire breast and adjoining lymph nodes. Like most  surgeries, breast cancer surgery will likely require some preoperative tests such as an x-rays, a blood test, a urine test, and possibly an EKG or CAT scan to determine how fit your body is for the anesthesia and the operation, and how best for the surgeon to proceed.

There are two main types of breast cancer surgery, each with their own variations:

Lumpectomy – The surgical removal of just the lump itself, and a small amount of surrounding tissue. A lumpectomy is often referred to as “breast conserving” surgery. The amount of tissue removed will vary greatly depending on the individual patient. If your surgery is referred to as a quadrantectomy, then about one-quarter of your breast will be removed.

Lumpectomies without lymph node removal are usually a day surgery procedure, and are often performed with just a local anesthetic. A lumpectomy is usually followed with 5 to 7 weeks of radiation therapy, and occasionally chemotherapy. On occasion, the surgeon will elect to conduct a lumpectomy in place of a biopsy, and biopsy the lump after it is removed.

Mastectomy – Mastectomy is the total removal of the breast. There are varying degrees of mastectomy:
A partial mastectomy involves just the removal of the lump and slightly more surrounding tissue than a lumpectomy.
A simple or total mastectomy involves removal of the breast, but not the lymph nodes or underlying muscle.
In a modified radical mastectomy, the breast and some lymph nodes are removed.
In a radical mastectomy, the breast, lymph nodes and underlying chest wall muscle are removed. Radical mastectomies are being performed less frequently as breast cancer treatment evolves.
Nipple sparing or subcutaneous mastectomy involves the removal of the entire breast, with the exception of the nipple. Nipple-sparing surgeries are intended to assist in future breast reconstruction. Some surgeons prefer not to perform nipple sparing surgery in order to not risk any of the cancer cells being left behind in the nipple tissue.

Lymph Node Removal

Lymph nodes are small bean-shaped organs that are distributed throughout the body. They are part of the lymphatic system, which circulates a plasma-like liquid called lymph throughout the body. The number of lymph nodes in the body varies from individual to individual.

Surgeons remove between five and thirty of the underarm lymph nodes when they remove a tumor from the breast, which the biopsy to help determine if the cancer has spread. Lymph node strap bacteria and foreign particles from the lymph, and are full of germ-killing white blood cells. On occasion, the lymph nodes located in the armpits trap breast cancer cells that entered the lymphatic system from the nearby breast.

Surgery to remove some or all of the lymph nodes under your arm is called axillary lymph node dissection. A new, less extensive type of surgery called sentinel lymph node dissection is now being used for some women with a low risk of lymph node involvement. In a sentinel lymph node dissection, only the first “sentinel” cluster of the two or three lymph nodes nearest the breast are removed, as they are the ones most likely to contain cancer.

Lympedema is a possible side effect of lymph node removal in which the lymph accumulates under the arm, causing swelling. Lymphedema can affect the breast area, the whole arm, or just part of the arm (usually the lower part and the hand). Severe lympedema will require treatment for the pain and swelling.

Lumpectomy vs. Mastectomy

Until the mid-1980s, mastectomy was the standard surgery for any stage of breast cancer. Now, many women are given the choice between removing the entire breast (mastectomy), ore just removing the lump and surrounding tissue (lumpectomy), followed by radiation. Recent research that followed 11,000 women for ten years showed that adding radiation therapy to a breast-conserving lumpectomy halves the chance that cancer will come back and reduces the risk of dying from breast cancer, compared to surgery alone.

The combination of lumpectomy and radiation has proved to be as effective to treat breast cancer as a complete mastectomy for women with small intact cancers. When making a decision between a mastectomy and a lumpectomy and radiation, women must take into consideration factors such as:

How important it is for them to keep their breast.
How much a lumpectomy will change the appearance of their breast.
How concerned they are about a possible cancer reoccurrence.
The impact of five to seven weeks of radiation following a lumpectomy.
The fact that a radiated breast can’t receive radiation again should cancer recur.
The advice of their doctor(s).

Hormone Therapy for Breast Cancer

About two thirds of cancers test positive for hormone receptors. Hormone receptors are cell proteins that stimulate the growth of cells, including cancer cells. Patients with hormone receptor positive breast cancer will have hormone therapy (oral breast cancer medications such as Femara) added to their treatment plan following surgery.

A second and more aggressive type of breast cancer with receptors for a protein called HER2 is often treated with a breast cancer drug called Herceptin following surgery.

Despite prevention policies and ever-more effective treatments, cancer is still one of the major causes of death in Europe. One of the most widespread types is breast cancer.

An epidemic of breast cancer is sweeping Europe, with a 16 per cent increase in the malignant disease in two years. It has grown to be the most usually diagnosed cancer in Europe, in spite of the fact that it almost simply affects one sex.

Newest estimations by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in Lyon, France, prove there were 429,900 cases diagnosed in 2006, amounting to nearly one in three of all cancers in women. In Britain, breast cancer rates have soared by more than 80 per cent in the past 30 years.

It is the first time breast cancer has out-ranked lung cancer in Europe. It is nearly solely a disease of women, with approximately 2,000 cases a year in men.

Breast cancer is the commonest malignancy amongst women in most European countries.

Breast cancer is therefore a main public health problem, but with the exclusion of oral contraceptives and hormonal replacement therapy, both of which have obvious advantages as well, the known main risk factors are not agreeable to principal prevention. Mass screening of women over age 50 years by mammography has been revealed to decrease death; national mammographic screening programmes were familiarized for women aged 50-64 years in the UK from 1988 and for women aged 50-70 years in The Netherlands from 1990, and a regional scheme in Denmark was begun in 1991.

Opportunistic screening is common in numerous European countries as well. The occurrence of breast cancer has been rising in lots of countries, but the obtainable treatments have improved, survival has improved and death has started to turn down.

 

Over the course of a lifetime, 1 in 8 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer

Cancer has been around as long as mankind, but it was only less than a hundred years ago when the number of cases increased manifold that the medical profession rose and took serious notice. Contributing to this explosion are the excessive amounts of toxins and pollutants we are exposed to, high stress lifestyles, poor quality junk food that’s full of pesticides that weaken the immune system. 

As an ongoing process cancerous cells are always being created in the body. It’s an ongoing process that has gone on for eons. Consequently, there are parts of your immune system that are designed to seek out and destroy cancer cells.

Cancer tumors begin when more cancerous cells are being created than an overworked, depleted immune system can destroy.

Breast cancer isnot a mysterious disease that suddenly attacks you out of the blue, something that you can’t do anything about. It has definite causes that you can correct if your body has enough time, and if you take action to change the internal environment to one that creates health, not cancer.

Breast Cancer usually does not cause early symptoms. This is why regular breast exams are important. As the cancer grows, symptoms may include a breast lump or lump in the armpit that is hard, has uneven edges, and usually does not hurt. A change in the feel of the breast or pus-like fluid coming from the nipple can be the early signs of  impending breast cancer.

No matter what you may have heard about cancer being a death sentence, about how you’ll suffer the ravages of chemotherapy and radiation therapy only to die in the end, here’s hope.

This report will tell you about the best natural supplements that work on their own, or in conjunction with chemotherapy or radiation therapy, to greatly improve the likelihood that you will defeat cancer. At the same time they will significantly reduce the side effects of chemotherapy and radiation.

Your risk of developing breast cancer increases as you get older. The majority of advanced breast cancer cases are found in women over age 50. You may also have a higher risk for breast cancer if you have a close relative who has had breast cancer. About 20 – 30% of women with breast cancer have a family history of the disease.

Some people have genes that make them more prone to developing breast cancer. If a parent passes you a defective gene, you have an increased risk for breast cancer. Women with this one  defect alone have up to an 80% chance of getting breast cancer sometime during their life.

Women who get their periods early (before age 12) or went through menopause late (after age 55) have an increased risk for breast cancer. So do women who had late pregnancies.

Obesity has been linked to breast cancer, although this link is controversial. However, as a precaution, women could do well to avoid smoking and alcohol in excess.

Lastly, a healthy diet and lifestyle is known to do wonders.

 

 

Breast cancer doesn’t usually cause hurt or pain to people in the first stages when they have this type of cancer. When the disease first develops, there may be no symptoms at all. But as the cancer advances some of the following symptoms may become apparent. If these symptoms are observed then the individual should consult her physician who would then carry out tests to find out for sure if the individual does have breast cancer or not.

. Change in shape and size of the breast.

. Lump or mass present in the armpit.

. Presence of a breast mass or breast lump, on examination, which is generally painless, has no regular borders and is firm to hard to the touch.

. A nipple discharge which is abnormal in that it is usually green, bloody or clear to yellow fluid or may look like pus.

. A change in appearance or any sensation of the nipple, that is, if there is any itching, any enlargement or the nipple is retracted.

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Enlargement, pain in the breast, or any discomfort on only one side.

. Change in the feel or color of the skin of the nipple, or areola or the breast itself, that is, a redness, veins on breast surface are accentuated, scaly; dimpled or puckered and a retracted appearance.

. Some symptoms of an advanced case of the disease are weight loss, bone pain, skin ulceration and swelling of one arm.

Of the above-mentioned symptoms there are some that most women are not aware of that are actually symptoms of breast cancer. They are:

. An itchy breast

. A breast that constantly feels warm or hot to the touch – This is a symptom of the rare and dangerous breast cancer known as inflammatory breast cancer.

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A flat or an inverted nipple – Sometimes individuals have an inverted nipple from birth, this does not count as a symptom.

. The skin is dimpled around the breast or has the appearance of an orange peel – Most individuals feel embarrassed about this condition to show it to a physician. Most women think it is cellulite, which is not the case.

. A constant swollen and tender breast and/or a sudden increase in breast size – Women should consult their physician if they notice a sudden increase in breast size and also if there is constant swelling and tenderness in the breast other than when a woman is menstruating as it is fairly common for a woman’s breast to get swollen and feel tender during her period.

. Breast is red – This is often a symptom of inflammatory breast cancer, which usually can go undetected by self-breast examination and mammogram.

Some common symptoms of breast cancer in men:

Even though breast cancer is more common amongst women, men too can get breast cancer. It is estimated that over 1600 men in the United States alone get breast cancer each year. Some symptoms of breast cancer in men include:

. Swelling in breast, chest wall or nipple

. A lump

. A discharge from the nipple

. Inversion of the nipple, that is, the nipple turns inward

. Dimpling or puckering of the skin of the breast

. The skin of the breast or the nipple has a reddish appearance or it has a very scaly and dry appearance.

 

Breast cancer depends on the type by how it is initiated i.e. in the lobules or ducts. As per the study reveals 15% of breast cancer is accounted by medullary carcinoma. Actually on can define breast cancer as a cancer which forms in the tissues of the breast which comprises mainly of ducts (these are the tubes which carry milk towards the nipple) and lobules (glands that produce milk).this cancer can be found in both types of gender i.e. in male and female. However, a case of male breast cancer is found quite rare. Below are illustrated some common symptoms of breast cancer.

Symptoms:

If one acknowledges the symptoms of a particular disease at the initial stages, then its cure becomes quite easy and hence it saves life. The treatment options are enhanced as chances of survival increases.

It is usually carried by a thickening of lump in the armpit or breast.

There may be an inadequate change in the shape and size of the breast.

The nipple is discharged.

The texture and color of skin around the areola (dimpling and puckering) changes.

The main concern comes when there is frequent flow of blood from the breasts.

However in almost every case one must try to evacuate the breast discharge.

Certain change in the nipple shape and there are cases when the nipple sinks in to the breast and hence there is regularity in its shape.

A frequent discharge of blood stain from the nipple.
There are subsequent rashes and on the nipple and its surrounding area.

Causes:

Age: Age is an important factor in determining the risks of breast cancer as a woman gets older the chances of occurring of breast cancer increases.

Generally women who are above 60 years of age are highly affected by breast cancer.

Personal history: A woman who is already suffering from breast cancer in her single breast has increased chances of developing the same in the other breast as well. Almost 12.5% of women ranging between age limits around 45 show positive results in breast cancer diagnoses, however in case of women older than 55 the chances increase and are around 66.7% approximately.

Treatments:

Surgery: Here the important aspect lies on removing the cancerous tissues by analyzing it by its hormonal status, size, grade and possible metastasis.

Breast Reconstruction: Breast can be reconstructed by choosing the best plastic surgeon. while doing mastectomy or later on. Surgeon uses saline-filled implants to bring breasts in natural form

Breast cancer is an uncontrolled growth of breast cells. To better understand breast cancer, it helps to understand how any cancer can develop.

Cancer occurs as a result of mutations, or abnormal changes, in the genes responsible for regulating the growth of cells and keeping them healthy. The genes are in each cells nucleus, which acts as the control room of each cell. Normally, the cells in our bodies replace themselves through an orderly process of cell growth: healthy new cells take over as old ones die out. But over time, mutations can turn on certain genes and turn off others in a cell. That changed cell gains the ability to keep dividing without control or order, producing more cells just like it and forming a tumor.

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What causes breast cancer?

Certain changes in DNA can cause normal breast cells to become cancer. DNA is the chemical in each of our cells that makes up our genes — the instructions for how our cells work. Some inherited DNA changes (mutations) can increase the risk for developing cancer and cause the cancers that run in some families. For instance, BRCA1 and BRCA2 are tumor suppressor genes — they keep cancer tumors from forming. When they are changed (mutated), they no longer cause cells to die at the right time, and cancer is more likely to develop.

But most breast cancer DNA changes happen in single breast cells during a woman’s life rather than having been inherited. So far, the causes of most of the DNA mutations that could lead to breast cancer are not known.

Breast Cancer Prevention:

Cancer prevention though a very ambiguous concept due to their molecular cause of origin, can be achieved through small but effective changes made to lifestyle:

Restricted alcohol consumption

Maintaining a healthy body weight

Inclusion of limited fat in diet

Regular exercise

Avoiding unnecessary consumption of antibiotics

Reverting to organic food free of pesticides

Treatment
In recent years there have been significant advances in the medical world in the battle against breast cancer. There is now a variety of life saving treatments available instead of just two options as in the past. The most common among breast cancer remedies involves surgery, which is followed by radiation, anti-estrogen or hormonal therapy, and/or chemotherapy. This routine can however be overwhelming and have severe side effects.
An important development however has been the rise of complementary medicine. This would include breast cancer remedies like acupuncture, meditation, and yoga. These treatments can significantly aid the healing process, and can reduce or nullify the side effects of conventional medication, which is an understandable cause of concern among most patients.

Apart from complimentary medicine, which works in conjunction with conventional approaches, there are also natural remedies for breast cancer. Most of these use natural methods that are completely free of any side effects. Unfortunately in most cases these remedies for breast cancer are not tested, and the outcome of treating breast cancer with natural remedies is at times uncertain at best. Patients and practitioners alike however claim that the results are positive. Whatever the outcome and irrespective of whether they can cure cancer these methods are definitely beneficial in the fight against breast cancer. Naturopathic clinics have mushroomed all over the world, and many address the needs of breast cancer patients in particular. Most of them employ a similar approach in their treatments and use natural medication like homeopathy, botanical medicine, acupuncture, Chinese herbs, clinical nutrition and lifestyle counselling. Cancer is largely regarded as being caused as a result of autointoxication, stagnation, chemical exposure and congestion, for which reason most of these therapies lay a lot of stress on dietary changes aimed towards detoxification. Supplements of antioxidants and pancreatic enzymes are also recommended quite extensively. New developments and research in alternative medicine are quite promising and a natural remedy for breast cancer should be found soon.

Some women choose to undergo breast reconstruction after surgery. Exploring options and preferences with your surgeon. Consider a referral to a plastic surgeon before surgery for breast cancer. Your options may include reconstruction with a synthetic breast implant or reconstruction using your own tissue. These operations can be performed at the time of mastectomy or at a later date.

Radiation therapy uses high-powered beams of energy, such as X-rays to kill cancer cells. Radiotherapy is usually done with a large machine that aims the rays of energy in your body (external radiation therapy). But radiation can also be done by placing radioactive material inside your body (brachytherapy).

External radiation therapy is commonly used after a lumpectomy for breast cancer early.

Doctors may also recommend radiation therapy after mastectomy for breast cancer larger. When external beam radiation is used when a woman has tested negative sentinel node biopsy, there is no evidence that the likelihood of cancer occurring in other lymph nodes is significantly reduced.

Side effects of radiotherapy are fatigue and a red, sunburn-like rash that targets radiation. Breast tissue can also appear swollen or firmer. Rarely, more serious problems may occur, including swelling of the arm (lymphedema), broken ribs and damage to the lungs or nerves.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. If the cancer has a high chance of returning or spreading to another part of your body, your doctor may recommend chemotherapy to reduce the possibility of the cancer returning. This is known as adjuvant systemic chemotherapy.

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Chemotherapy is sometimes given before surgery in women with larger breast tumors. Doctors call this neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The aim is to reduce the size of the tumor of a size that makes it easier to remove with surgery. This can also increase the chances of cure. Research is being conducted in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy to determine who can benefit from this treatment.

Chemotherapy is also used in women whose cancer has spread to other parts of the body. Chemotherapy may be recommended to help control the cancer and reduce symptoms of cancer is the cause.

Side effects of chemotherapy depend on the drugs you receive. Common side effects include hair loss, nausea, vomiting, fatigue and a small increased risk of infection.

Hormone therapy

Hormone therapy – perhaps more properly termed hormone blocking therapy – is often used to treat breast cancers sensitive to hormones. Doctors sometimes refer to these types of cancer such as estrogen receptor positive (ER positive) and progesterone receptor positive (PR positive) cancers.

Hormone therapy can be used after surgery or other treatments to decrease the chance that your cancer will return. If the cancer has spread, hormone therapy can reduce and control.

The treatments can be used in hormone therapy include:

1. Drugs that block hormones to attach to cancer cells. Tamoxifen is the most widely used selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). SERMs act by blocking estrogen from attaching to estrogen receptors on cancer cells, reducing tumor growth and destroy tumor cells. Tamoxifen can be used in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Possible side effects include fatigue, hot flashes, night sweats and vaginal dryness. The major risks are cataracts, blood clots, stroke and cancer of the uterus.

2. Drugs that prevent the body from producing estrogen after menopause. A group of drugs called aromatase inhibitors block the action of an enzyme that converts androgens into estrogen in the body. These drugs are only effective in postmenopausal women. Aromatase inhibitors include anastrozole (Arimidex), letrozole (Femara) and exemestane (Aromasin). Side effects of aromatase inhibitors include joint and muscle pain and an increased risk of bone thinning (osteoporosis). Another drug, fulvestrant (Faslodex), directly blocks estrogen, which keeps getting tumors that need estrogen to survive. Fulvestrant is commonly used in postmenopausal women for other hormone-blocking therapy is not effective or can not take tamoxifen. Side effects that may occur include fatigue flashes, nausea and hot. Fulvestrant is administered by injection once a month.

3. Surgery or drugs to stop the production of hormones by the ovaries. In premenopausal women, surgery to remove the ovaries or medications to prevent the ovaries from producing estrogen hormone treatment can be effective. This type of surgery is called a prophylactic oophorectomy and may be called surgical menopause.

Living a healthy is a gift for mankind; however certain disorders may occur giving birth to many different diseases. Different kinds of diseases may happen in males and females due to their biological differences. In women, some complicated gynecological changes or situations may lead to many diseases including breast cancer and if you got the symptoms of the disease, it is very important that you get it diagnosed well by the professionals and treated well. The treatment of breast cancer in the city of New York is one of the most famous and the best. It has the best treatment facilities, equipments and uses the latest techniques to cure the disease. The Gynecologist NYC is among one of the best in the world. No wonder why they experience people visiting from around the globe including do many celebrities to get the treatment.

 

Breast cancer NYC is one of the best in the country.

The gynecologist NYC is one of the busiest and is in great demands. They provide a good and healthy treatment for the treatment of the patients. Health is having a prime importance in the city and day by day the breast cancer NYC treatment facilities and techniques are getting upgraded with the latest ones. The insurance health services as well as the health care financial services are also available. There are qualifies and experienced doctors to provide the best breast cancer NYC treatment. These doctors are responsible the set up and smooth running of the hospital as well. They provide the needed treatment to the patients based on their condition and seriousness of the problem. The treatment provided is such that it becomes easier for the patient to get healed and recovered. This is made possible with the use of the latest and advanced techniques and equipments. There are so many people who prefer to take the benefit of the services in the city of New York and get benefited by it. This includes so many celebrities and top officials as well. This is really a gift for mankind. With these best services, the breast cancer NYC treatment facilities have occupied a distinctive place in the society.

If you are diagnosed with breast cancer, do not just jump into a nearby hospital and expose your self to all sorts of radiation therapy. There are alternative ways of dealing with breast cancer. What you need is a breast cancer natural treatment. This method of treatment is not only inexpensive, it is also very safe to use.

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You must understand however that breast cancer natural treatment is for decreasing the bad aspects of cancer and to eliminate it completely. But besides the fact that breast cancer can not be cured, it can be prevented by eating a healthy diet and a balanced lifestyle.

Because of its antibiotic properties and the presence of alkyl sulphur, garlic is an excellent anti cancer agent. By eating garlic raw, it will cause malignant cell to naturally die out. It also boosts the immune system to fight cancer cells. The linamarase gene that is contained in broccoli breaks down cancer cells into cyanide that in turn kills tumor cells effectively. Eating grapes and drinking grape juice extract is also an effective method. The pronthocyanidin compound found in grapes helps in reducing cancer tumors that are hormone sensitive.

Other foods that are beneficial in treating breast cancer naturally are cashews, strawberries, peanuts, flaxseed and sunflower. They contain the ligan compound that slows down the rate of estrogen dependent tumors progression. Boiling green tea and drinking it gives you anti-inflammatory properties that are effective in breast cancer treatment. Increased intake of vitamin D has been known to lower breast cancer risk. Vitamin D can found in cod liver oil, eggs and milk. Calcium is also a good anti cancer agent. You should eat calcium rich foods like, orange juice, canned or fresh salmon, almonds and fresh green vegetables.

Remember that a healthy diet and some positive lifestyle changes is all it takes. Follow this breast cancer natural treatment and live a normal life again. Live healthy and stay healthy.

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Research into curcumin and breast cancer treatment has thrown up some fascinating and potentially useful results. Many of the discoveries regarding curcumin and breast cancer treatment have relied on animal models and test tube studies. None has yet reached clinical trial stage although a preliminary trial has been done.

Curcumin (CC) has been found to inhibit the growth of cells of cancer of the breast grown in cell cultures in the laboratory. These include hormone-dependent, hormone-independent and multidrug-resistant cells

The compound also showed anticancer activity against mouse breast tumor cells.

In female rats, CC also showed a protective effect against chemically induced mammary cancer i.e. if the animals were given it prior, they developed less malignancies.

An early clinical trial has been reported where a topical application of a CC ointment was made in seven patients with cancer of the breast.

The results showed that 71% of the patients had a positive response measured as a reduction in the size of lesions, less pain, less itching and reduced exudates.

One of the challenges that needs to be overcome if curcumin and breast cancer treatment is to progress to practical use is the low absorption: very little of the compound crosses the boundary from the digestive system to the blood stream.

One solution is the concurrent use of piperine which increases absorption by 2000%.

Another is the use of enteric coating which reputable manufacturers use to ensure that nutrient-containing supplements are delivered to the upper intestine rather than be destroyed by the acidic stomach enzymes.

Although we cannot declare that a cure has been found, these are promising results regarding the future of this treatment. One can therefore recommend taking CC more as a preventative rather than a cure.

The best way to take it would be as part of a multi-nutrient supplement containing a range of other healthy components. This ensures that all the ingredients work harmoniously together to provide the best effect.

Such a supplement would also include critical components that are essential for the functioning of some nutrients so for example piperine to aid in absorption. It would also include other malignancy-protective nutrients like lycopene and resveratrol.

Now that you know a lot more about the direction that curcumin and breast cancer treatment is taking, your curiosity may have been aroused. If you would like to know more about the multi-ingredient supplement that I take that contains curcumin and helps protect against malignancy and premature aging, then please visit my website.